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ASH 2025 | Genomics defines neoplastic transformation in multiple myeloma precursor conditions
In this video, Francesco Maura, MD, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, discusses the concept of using genomics to define neoplastic transformation in multiple myeloma precursor conditions, namely monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM). Dr Maura highlights that genomic data may be used to identify transformation and assess the risk of progression. This interview took place at the 67th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition, held in Orlando, FL.
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Transcript
Our study, as mentioned before, is a large collaborative effort within multiple institutions where we put together all the data. I think that’s also a good example of how collaborative effort can really move the field forward. And what we did, we proposed the idea that you can use genomics to define the tumor transformation in plasma cells. Now, if I do a colonoscopy, a GI doctor can tell me immediately looking at the scope that I have cancer or not...
Our study, as mentioned before, is a large collaborative effort within multiple institutions where we put together all the data. I think that’s also a good example of how collaborative effort can really move the field forward. And what we did, we proposed the idea that you can use genomics to define the tumor transformation in plasma cells. Now, if I do a colonoscopy, a GI doctor can tell me immediately looking at the scope that I have cancer or not. Or if there is a polyp, a pathologist can just look at the microscope and say, oh, this is benign, this is a tumor. Plasma cells are identical, MGUS, myeloma smoldering, they don’t change over time morphologically. So we don’t have any tools to say this is a tumor, this is not. And we just use the CRAB criteria, the organ damage. So I think genomics, we show in this paper, can do that, can fill that gap that we have always had in that barrier, that we always had in the multiple myeloma community, who are the ones that are transformed. Then, after you know which are the transformed, you can focus on which are the ones that are at risk of imminent progression, the ones that are intermediate risk, and the ones that are, despite the transformation, very well controlled, and they will usually not progress for a long time.
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