Enrique M. Ocio, MD, PhD, from the University Hospital of Salamanca, Spain discusses his work on histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACs) in multiple myeloma (MM) at 2017 World Congress on Controversies in Multiple Myeloma (COMy) in Paris, France.. Dr Ocio discusses research on the immunological effects of panobinostat, in particular how it modifies immune cells such as NK cells and how plasma cells can be made more susceptible to immune cells targeting them. Monoclonal antibodies are also being investigated for the same purpose, which could become relevant in the future. Further, his lab is studying resistance models, which they have developed for proteasome inhibitors and IMiDs and which can aid in identifying the mechanisms responsible for resistance. They have defined some of these mechanisms, including the upregulation of MEK/ERK pathway and upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins. As part of this, they are working on strategies to overcome these resistances. Recorded at the 2017 World Congress on Controversies in Multiple Myeloma (COMy) in Paris, France.