Christian Chabannon, MD, PhD, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France, gives an overview of the groups of patients that benefit from high-dose chemotherapy supported by autologous stem cell transplant. Firstly, Prof. Chabannon discusses how patients with multiple myeloma are often offered this type of treatment together with quadruplet therapy to consolidate remission. Secondly, Prof. Chabannon explains that currently, autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is being challenged by the development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies, although clinical trials comparing CAR T-cell therapy to standard of care therapies are inconclusive. Finally, Prof. Chabannon highlights the use of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation in combination with immuno-chemotherapy in Hodgkin lymphoma. Prof. Chabannon predicts that as new drugs become available, transplants might decrease. This interview took place at the 4th Annual Meeting of the International Academy for Clinical Hematology (IACH), which took place virtually in 2021.