Juliane Mietz, University Of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, discusses her research on the development of natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer, including studies comparing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells with CAR-NK cells. Both were initially optimized to include a CD28 or 4-1BB costimulatory domain to accurately assess efficacy as well as reflect their potential clinical use, where the domains are currently used in axicabtagene ciloleucel and tisagenlecleucel. She additionally describes efforts to further engineer CAR-NK cells to enhance clinical cytotoxicity. This interview took place at the International Conference on Lymphocyte Engineering (ICLE) 2022.