Andrew Brunner, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, comments on the challenges of treating myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), highlighting the approvals of luspatercept and oral decitabine. In particular, Dr Brunner highlights findings of the BMT CTN 1102 trial (NCT02016781) which demonstrated the benefit of allogeneic transplant in patients with MDS. This interview took place at the virtual European Hematology Association (EHA) Congress 2021.