Lakshmi Nayak, MD, of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, gives an overview of the latest research findings in primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL), sharing data from key ongoing clinical trials. Dr Nayak also discusses the controversies surrounding the use of rituximab for the treatment of PCNSL, particularly among the elderly population. Dr Nayak sheds light on the promising long-term results from studies investigating high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation and speaks on the most recent findings regarding the biology underlying PCNSL which have enabled the identification of novel therapeutic targets. This interview took place during the ninth annual meeting of the Society of Hematologic Oncology (SOHO 2021) congress.