Rafael Fonseca, MD, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, discusses the results of a study investigating response assessment following autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) in multiple myeloma. Complete response (CR) is defined using measurable residual disease (MRD) negativity measured by next-generation sequencing, and PET/CT imaging. The study examined the prognostic value of these measures at day 100 post-ASCT in 103 multiple myeloma patients. Analysis showed that MRD status and PET/CT findings were strongly correlated, with 93.9% of patients with a positive PET/CT also judged MRD positive. PET/CT was found to be a significant predictor of worse relapse-free survival and overall survival (OS), but MRD was not predictive of either. Further investigation into this combination post-ASCT is needed to optimize the approach. This interview took place during the 62nd American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition, 2020.