Paul Richardson, MD, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, shares an overview of the final analysis of the double-blind Phase III TOURMALINE-MM1 trial (NCT01564537) which investigated ixazomib plus lenalidomide-dexamethasone (IRD) vs placebo-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (PRD) in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) multiple myeloma (MM). This study demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) in patients treated with IRD. The median overall survival (OS) was reported to be 54 months for the patient group treated with IRD as opposed to 52 months in the control group, both of which exceeded values seen in previous Phase III trials in the R/R setting. Although greater OS benefit was seen in subgroups with adverse prognostic factors, imbalances in subsequent therapy may have led to inconsistencies in OS benefit. This interview took place at the virtual European Hematology Association (EHA) Congress 2021.