Francesco Onida, MD, University of Milan, Milan, Italy, gives an overview of the latest developments and challenges associated with viral infections in patients undergoing stem cell transplantation (SCT). Dr Onida outlines research into cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation and highlights the introduction of letermovir for CMV. He also discusses the use of rituximab for Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) reactivation and reports an increase in EBV infection, with a possible link to increased cryopreservation as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, Dr Onida talks on the potential of cellular therapies for the treatment of viral infections in transplant patients. This interview took place during the 47th Annual Meeting of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) 2021.