Matthew Wieduwilt, MD, PhD, of the OU Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, discusses the role of transplant in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in 2021. Dr Wieduwilt explains that novel therapies have demonstrated high efficacy, allowing for transplantation to be deferred in some cases. Additionally, Dr Wieduwilt talks on the importance of measurable residual disease (MRD) to direct transplantation to patients who are MRD-positive, as these patients have been shown to have the most benefit from transplantation. Dr Wieduwilt further comments on the difficulties in determining whether allogeneic transplantation should be conducted in patients who have not undergone MRD testing. This interview took place during the ninth annual meeting of the Society of Hematologic Oncology (SOHO 2021) congress.