Speaking from the 2018 Society of Hematologic Oncology (SOHO) Annual Meeting in Houston, TX, Timothy Hughes, MD, FRACP, FRCPA, of the Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia, discusses predictors of treatment-free remission (TFR) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Prof. Hughes highlights what the EURO-SKI trial (NCT01596114) demonstrated about the importance of the duration of a deep molecular response, and what ENESTop (NCT01698905) and other trials have shown about the impact of second-line treatment. He also explores what the ENESTFreedom study (NCT01784068) indicates about starting frontline treatment with a second generation TKI.