Antonio Cuneo, MD, PhD, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy, discusses the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in Italy, including the use of prognostic and predictive biomarkers in patient counseling and precision medicine, where the mutational profile is used for risk stratification in CLL patients as well as informing treatment with targeted agents such as ibrutinib and venetoclax. Dr Cuneo also outlines treatment approaches to relapsed patients and highlights challenges in choosing therapies for these patients, as well as the importance of understanding patients’ associated comorbities. This interview was recorded via an online conference call with The Video Journal of Hematological Oncology (VJHemOnc).