EBMT 2022 | Long-term outcomes of AML transplant survivors

Vivek Patel, MD, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, gives an overview of the findings of a study investigating the long-term outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT), outlining emerging strategies to optimize transplantation outcomes in these patients. Overall, the study found that patients who were relapse-free two years post-transplant had a 10-year overall survival (OS) of 76% and that reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens were associated with a worse OS and leukemia-free survival (LFS). In addition, the probability of death at 10 years in these patients was significantly higher when compared to a matched healthy population. Over the past few years, new strategies including post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy)-based haploidentical stem cell transplantation have greatly improved transplantation outcomes. It is now important to perform an even longer follow-up of these patients to explore the late causes of death in transplant survivors. This interview took place at the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) 2022, which was held virtually.