Eleni Gavriilaki, MD, PhD, G Papanicolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece, discusses the results of a study comparing treosulfan + fludarabine versus busulfan + fludarabine in patients with active acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). Prior to this, other studies had shown that the treosulfan + fludarabine combination was favored in high-risk patients. Dr Gavriilaki explains that this study demonstrated a clear advantage in overall survival (OS) in patients treated with this combination, suggesting it as the best available option to treat this high-risk population. This interview took place at the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) 2022, which was held virtually.