Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM) is preceded by an IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and our understanding of the underlying pathobiology of these conditions is still evolving. Stephen Ansell, MD, PhD, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, discusses the long non-coding (lnc)RNA expression profile in patients with WM and MGUS. Several known oncogenes were found to be in proximity of overexpressed lncRNAs in WM compared to IgM MGUS, which suggests that this could be a potential mechanism driving the transformation of IgM MGUS to WM.