Lilach Moyal, PhD, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, explains how the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis was identified as a potential new target to treat mycosis fungoides (MF). Analysis of the tumor microenvironment showed that stromal fibroblasts secreted high levels of the CXCL12 chemokine, which is a ligand binding CXCR4. This receptor was also found to be overexpressed in MF, prompting experiments using a CXCR4 inhibitor, which showed that inhibiting this axis led to selective killing of lymphoma cells. This interview took place at the EORTC Cutaneous Lymphoma Group 20-21 meeting in Marseille.