Christoph Röllig, MD, MSc, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany, outlines key research avenues looking to optimize chemotherapy-based treatments for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Dr Röllig highlights efforts to optimize doses and dosing schedules of medications that are already used, such as cytarabine and anthracyclines, and to identify efficacious combinations of novel agents with a standard backbone of intensive chemotherapy, several of which are currently under clinical investigation. This interview took place at the 63rd ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition congress in Atlanta, GA.