The NLRP3 inflammasome initiates cell death by inducing pyroptosis, the inflammatory form of cell death. Here, Alan List, MD, of Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, discusses the quantification of oxidized DNA, released from this cell lysis, as a biomarker of disease activity and emerging treatment response for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). This interview was recorded at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) 2018 Annual Meeting and Exposition in San Diego, CA.