During a Phase III study (NCT01696084), CPX-351, a liposomal encapsulation of cytarabine and daunorubicin, produced a significantly improved median overall survival, as well as an array of secondary endpoints, in newly diagnosed, high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, Tara Lin, MD, of the University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, discusses a study aiming to improve our understanding of the contribution of hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and treatment with CPX-351 vs. standard chemotherapy to survival. Speaking at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) 2018 Annual Meeting and Exposition in San Diego, CA, Dr Lin discusses the improved survival benefit, as well as the higher proportion of patients achieving remission and undergoing HCT, with CPX-351.