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ICML 2025 | Efficacy of bispecifics after CAR-T failure in DLBCL: early versus late relapse

Evgenii Shumilov, MD, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany, comments on the efficacy of bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) after CAR T-cell therapy failure in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Dr Shumilov notes that patients who relapse early after CAR-T, within the first three months, have a poor prognosis. In contrast, those with late relapse demonstrate promising complete response (CR) rates and potential cure with BsAbs treatment. He suggests that combining BsAbs with novel agents, such as antibody-drug conjugates, may offer improved outcomes for this challenging population. This interview took place during the 18th International Conference on Malignant Lymphoma (18-ICML) in Lugano, Switzerland.

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Transcript

Patients who fail CAR-T cell therapy, they are a challenging group to treat. Unfortunately, the most common scenario is that a patient fails CAR-T mostly early, within the first three months, and these patients perform very poorly, independent of what substance we give. In this situation, we have mostly chemo-refractory situations and even such promising agents like bispecific antibodies, they can induce an overall response rate of just 30 percent and CR rate just 10 percent...

Patients who fail CAR-T cell therapy, they are a challenging group to treat. Unfortunately, the most common scenario is that a patient fails CAR-T mostly early, within the first three months, and these patients perform very poorly, independent of what substance we give. In this situation, we have mostly chemo-refractory situations and even such promising agents like bispecific antibodies, they can induce an overall response rate of just 30 percent and CR rate just 10 percent. And we know that if we want to cure patients in the relapsed/refractory situation we need a CR. So these patients perform very poorly.

In opposite, a patient with late relapse after CAR-T therapy, this is around one-third of all patients, they perform very well under monotherapy with bispecific antibodies there. We have a CR rate of 45 percent and we assume also a cure in a significant part of CR patients. So the future is to combine the bispecific antibodies with novel agents like novel antibody-drug conjugates or biologics or chemotherapy as an example, the STARGLO study which shows very promising results. So this will be the way.

 

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