Meletios Dimopoulos, MD, from the Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece, gives an overview of the treatments currently available for relapsed and refractory myeloma treatment at the 2017 World Congress on Controversies in Multiple Myeloma (COMy) in Paris, France. He highlights important factors in choosing a treatment, including the type of relapse a patient is having, prior myeloma therapy, and accumulated toxicities. Prof. Dimopoulos also speaks about the influence of the cytogenetic profile of the patient, whether a patient has extramedullary disease and their renal function on treatment choice.